Liquid fuel burner



Dec. 27, 1938. QTTAJOVITS 2,141,360

LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Dec. 18, 1957 Patented Dec. 27, 1938 UNITED STATES LIQUID FUEL BURNER Alexander Ottajovits, Vienna, Austria, assignor to Robert Mahler, Vienna, Austria Application December 18, 1937, Serial No. 180,668 In Austria. October -8, 1936 3 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of burners of the type in which a liquid fuel is atomized by steam.

The object of-the present invention is to pro- 5 vide an improved burner of the type indicated which, whilst enabling the steam supply and the.

liquid fuel supply to be controlled simultaneously and in dependence upon one another, will allow of adjustment of the steam supply relatively to lo the liquid fuel supply by simple means without vention may further comprise means for adjusting said steam nozzle relative to said oil nozzle, an oil regulating needle coacting with said oil nozzle, a steam throttle member adapted to regulate the steam supply, and an actuating mem- 15 ber adapted to act simultaneously on said oil regulating needle and on said steam throtle member.

According to a further-feature of the invention, an annular chamber may be provided sur- 0 rounding the oil nozzle and formed by an enlargement of the steam supply channel between said steam throttle member and said steam nozzle to enable the throttled steam to expand therein before entering the nozzle, the flexible diaphragm sealing said annular chamber against steam escape.

, The accompanying drawing, which illustrates one form of burner constructed in accordance with the invention shows a burner in longitudinal 0 section. I

As shown, the steam and oil nozzle members are concentrically arranged one in the other in such a way that the steam nozzle member E surrounds the oil nozzle member F. The steam 5 nozzle member E comprises a steam nozzle l3 and the oil nozzle member F comprises an oil nozzle ill, the steam and oil nozzles being coaxial owing to the concentric arrangement of the steam and oil nozzle members. The steam noz- 3 zle l3- surrounds the oil nozzle I0 so that a steam nozzle channel 8 is formed between them.

The steam is throttled before entrance into the actual steam channel 8 at the throttling place 9 and the steam supply regulated there i in dependence on the oil supply. The quantity hereinafter described.

of steam passing through 9 is regulated by the throttling member I! which, in the embodiment illustrated, is constructed'as a regulating plungerand is moved into the open position by a spring IB and into the shut position against the action of this spring in the manner hereinafter described. The throttling is for the purpose of giving the steam an opportunity of expanding in a closed chamber before emerging from the steam nozzle whereby an effect of diminution in noise 10 is obtained similarly as in internal combustion engine silencers. The throttling of the steam supply regulation therefore does not take place directly at the steam nozzle opening, but much further back, leaving a suitable space for. expansion between the throttle 9 and the nozzle opening. This space comprises an enlarged portion formed in the steam nozzle member E between the steam nozzle channel 8 and the throttle 9, constituting an annular steam expansion chamber l6 surrounding the oil nozzle member F.

The quantity of oil emerging at any time from the oil nozzle I0 is regulated by an oil regulating needle II which throttles the free passage cross section to a greater or less extent, the needle ll being moved by means of a spring l2 into the open position and against the action of this spring into the closed position in the manner The nozzles l0, I3, open into a mixing chamber M, which is fitted with a primary air regulating disc IS. The disc I5 is provided with perforations and by rotation of the disc l5 these can be brought into register with corresponding perforations in the rear wall of the casing of the mixing chamber, whereby the admission of atmospheric air into the mixing chamber I4 can be regulated by a .hit-and-miss" action.

The adjustment of the-oil regulating needle II and the steam throttling member "takes 1 place through a common actuating member, e. g., a small hand wheel Ill. The hand wheel I9 is secured to a housing 20 which, in turn, is connected with a regulating disc 2|, the parts I9,

20 and H normally forming an integral unit. The regulating disc is rotatable on the oil nozzle member F by. means of a-screw thread 22 and is thereby displaceable in an axial direction. The inward and outward movement of the regulating disc 2| is limited by lateral abutment of a finger 35, rigidly secured to the disc, against the stops. 36 and 31 being respectively an upward and a downward projection on a washer 38 and a. washer 39. Both washers are mounted on the oil nozzle member F and in use are kept firmly in position by a nut 48. By means of this nut 40, the relative position of the stops 38 and 31 can be adjusted by rotating the washers 38 and 39 relative to each other. The finger 35 is allowed movement intermediate of the two stops it e., in the position of the stops illustrated in the figme, half a revolution. 4

The regulating disc 2! engages a plunger 23 which moves the throttling member [1 into closed position against the action of the spring l8 when the small hand wheel 19 is actuated to screw the disc 2| onto the oil nozzle .F.

The regulation of the oil regulating needle H is carried out by means of a plunger 24 carried in the oil nozzle member and projecting into the housing 20, where it is engaged by an adjustable oil regulating screw 26 disposed in a protective casing 25. The needle II and plunger 24 comprise an oil control pin or valve member.

The operation of the burner isas follows:

The -oil regulating needle II and the steam throttling member ll are held in the open position by the springs I2 and I8 respectively.- In

this position the largest cross'sections are freed v for the passage oi the steam and the oil. If-

now the small hand wheel is rotated, the regulating disc 2| moves the plunger 23 to the left, whereby the throttle member I1 is displaced to the same degree, and the passage of the steam is correspondingly throttled. ,At the same time the oil regulating screw 28 strikes against the plunger 24, whereby the quantity of oil being atomized is adjusted. When the small hand wheel I9 is turned back, the steam and oilregulating mem bers I1 and II are again moved to the right by the springs l8 and I2 respectively through a distance corresponding to the amount the small hand wheel has been turned back, whereby a correspondingly larger quantity of oil and steam is admitted to the mixing chamber M.

The steam throttled by the throttling member I! expands in the space between the throttle member and the nozzle opening, the steam chamber l8 being formed as an annular enlargement of this space surrounding the oil nozzle member F, so that a remarkably noiseless working of the burner is made possible.

A further characteristic of the invention consists in the two nozzle members being axially displaceable relatively to one another. This is obtained by a flexible connection of the two nozzle members which permits the oil nozzle member to be axially slidden in the steam nozzle member, whilst ensuring at the same time a perfect seal of the steam conduits against steam escape. In the embodiment illustrated in the figure a diaphragm 21 having" its centre secured to the oil' nozzle member F by a nut 38 is clamped at its periphery between the steam nozzle member E and a clamping socket 28 both rigidly connected together by a screw 29. The clamping socket 28 is axially movable with respect to the oil nozzle member F by slidably engaging the latter at 3|. Axial movement of the clamping socket 28 is effected by means of an externally screw-threaded adjusting sleeve 33 mounted to rotate on the oil nozzle member F, but prevented from axial movement thereon, the external thread of the adjusting sleeve 33'engaging a female thread in an extension 32 of the clamping socket 28. By turning the adjusting sleeve 33 the clamping socket 28 can thus be moved in the desired direction, and owing to the rigid screw-connection of the latter with the steam nozzle member E, and the relative position of the steam nozzle l3, and the oil nozzle l0, and, hence, the cross-section of the steam nozzle opening is adjusted in the desired manner, thereby determining the ratio of steam and oil admission to the mixing chamber 5 l4, and shaping the flame according to requirement. This adjustment is made possible by the yielding of the diaphragm 21, which also ensures a fluid-tight joint between the steam nozzle member E and the clamping socket 28, sealing 1 the steam expansion chamber l-B against steam escape. The adjustment can be made in either direction and even while the burner is in operation. Once the desired adjustment has been made, it can be fixed by tightening up a counter- 15 nut 34.

It will be seen from the above description and from the drawing that, by unscrewing the screw 29, the burner can be dismantled into two parts,

namely the steam nozzle member E and the parts 20 associated therewith and the oil nozzle member F and all the parts associated therewith. The oilregulating needle II can then be extracted after removal of the-regulating disc 2| and un-" screwing the necessary screw-connections. like manner, the steam throttle member I! can be removed by screwing out of the steam nozzle member E the socket accommodating the throttle member i'l. All parts are then readily accessible for cleansing and other purposes. hand, it will be observed that the setting of the clamping socket 28 relative to the oil nozzle member F is retained by the locknut 34 remaining in position during dismantling. As dismantling the burner .does not necessitate altering the setting 35 of the oil regulating screw 26, the oil regulating needle will also resume its original position on the burner being re-assembled. The same applies to the steam throttle member! 1 which, as shown,

has a shoulder abutting against an adjustable 4( cap closing the socket which accommodates the member l1, the'cap being fixed in position by a lock nut. It is not necessary to remove this cap for the purpose of dismantling the burner and therefore the positioning of the steam throttle member in the throttle place 9 also remains unaffected by the dismantling and reassembling of the burner.

It will also be clear from the foregoing that,

owing to the provision of the adjustable cap on 5 the socket carrying the steam throttle member I! and of the adjusting sleeve 33' determining the relative position of the oil nozzle i0 and the steam nozzle l3, and owing to the provision of the oil adjusting screw 26, each of these ad- 5 quired. In the steam supply channel, and more particularly in the steam expansion chamber IS, the flexible'diaphragm 21 serves as an effective seal against steam escape and, being flexible, enables stufling boxes, glands or the like to be dispensed with.

I claim:-

1. A burner for liquid tool of the type-in which 1 On the other 30 coacting with said oil nozzle, means for adjust I ing said oil control pin, a steam throttling memher, means for adjusting said steam throttling member, the two last mentioned adjusting means having at least one common member through which the oil control pin and the steam throttling member may be. actuated simultaneously by hand, means acting independently of the adjusting action of said common member for adjusting the oil control pin, the oil nozzle. being capable of adjustment with respect to the steam nozzle under the action of the said means for adjusting and securing the'oil nozzle-in position relatively to the steam nozzle, without modification of the adjustment of the. steam throttling member and the oil control pin.

' 2. A burner for liquid fuel of the type in which the oil is atomized by steam, comprising a steam nozzle and an oil nozzle arranged co-axially, a flexible membrane interconnecting said nozzles and permitting relative endwise movement therebetween, an oil control pin axially disposed within the oil nozzle, 9. spring tending to retract said pin, a steam conduit leading laterally to the steam nozzle,'a steam throttling plunger, set ofi to one side .of theaxis of the steam nozzle, a spring tending 1w retract tsaid plunger, a unit 5' having a screw threaded mounting upon a nonrotative portion of the burner, said unit comprising a disk, a housing, and a manually operable member !or bodily turning saidhousing, and

an adjusting screw axially disposed within the housing and adjustable endwise with. respect thereto and bearing against the rear end of the oil control pin, the forward face of the disk being of an amplitude to overlie and engage the rear end of the steam-throttling plunger. I

3. A burner for liquid fuel of the type in which the fuel is atomized by steam, comprising a steam nozzle and an oil nozzle arranged co-axially, a flexible membrane interconnecting said nozzles and permitting relative endwise movement therebetween, an oil control pin axially'disposed within the oil nozzle, 2. spring tending to retract said pin, a steam conduit leading laterally to the steam nozzle, a steam throttling plunger, set off toone side 'of the axis of the steam nozzle, a

spring tending to retract said plunger, a unit having a screw threaded mounting upon a nonrotative portion of the burner, said unit comprising a disk, a. housing, and a manually operable member for bodily turning said housing, an adjusting screw axially disposed within the housing and adjustable endwise with respect thereto and bearing against the rear end of the oil con- .rotative portion of the burner, a projection carried by the disk and projecting between said stops, and means for binding said stops in varying position of circumferential adjustment to thereby determine the extent of rotation of the disk and consequently to determine the degree of adjustment of the oil control pin and the steam throttling plunger.

ALEXANDER O'I'IAJOVITS. 

